Su-27M / Su-35 / Su-37

The Su-35 is a single-seat fighters, have schim integral aerodynamic layout and executed the scheme "triplane" swivel canards. All this reduces the resistance of the balancing planes and significantly expands its maneuvering capabilities. The degree of static instability own stability plane in the longitudinal channel is 20% of MAR, whereas on the original Su-27 it is equal to 5%.In this regard, the Su-35 is unmatched in the modern world of aviation. Required indicators of sustainable stability and controllability provided by a system of remote control of. Canards facilitates control of the aircraft at high angles of attack and bring it to horizontal flight.

Su-35 developed a new wing with increased relative thickness of thick, which contains a large amount of fuel. Like the Su-27, it is equipped with mechanization as socks and deflected flaperons, acting as flaps and ailerons. When flying at subsonic velocities increasing curvature of the airfoil is changed remote control system due to deviation of socks and flaperons depending on the angle of attack.

Aircraft design was carried out using aluminum-lithium alloys curves are widely used construction materials. The power plant consists of two AL-31FM turbofans (thrust 12,500 lbs) with a digital electronic control system, in what the Su-35 to be equipped with advanced AL-35F engine with up to 14,000 kg of thrust. In keels aircraft deployed extra fuel tanks. The aircraft is equipped with a retractable rod-toplivopriemnikom refueling system in the air.

Of the main differences from the series Su-27 can also be noted:

• applied digital remote control system in the longitudinal, lateral and directional channels;

•      in accordance with framing a new SUV changed contours of the nose cone and radiotransparent central tail boom;

•      due to the increase in maximum takeoff weight reinforced chassis, the front landing gear is made ​​two-wheeled;

•      fuel capacity increased to 10,250 kg by placing in a wing and a vertical empennage specular integral tanks compartments.

The purpose of the multifunctional fighter Su-35 is:

•      intercept air targets with autonomous and semi-military activities, including the group;

•      conducting long-range missiles and short-range air combat maneuvering combat with any enemy aircraft;

•      application of precision strikes by air and ground targets at long distances from the front lines, behind enemy lines;

•      defeat surface ships of all sizes;

•      attack ground and sea targets without entering the zone of enemy air defenses;

•      combating AWACS aircraft, airborne command posts and directors of jamming.

The aircraft is equipped with new weapons control system, which has in its composition several digital computer, the multifunction radar and opto- electronic system. Multi-mode radar jam-free (with the increased compared with the Su-27 antenna diameter) has modes for air targets, mapping the earth's surface, attack surface (surface) targets, follow the terrain. Radar development Research instru rostroeniya (Zhukovsky) has a flat antenna array with electronicscanning in elevation and mechanical - in azimuth. This simultaneous radar simultaneously track up to 15 air targets and provides an attack at least six of them simultaneously. Opto-electronic locator detects a rear hemisphere aerial target with RCS = 19 m ² at a distance of 90 km and provides in conjunction with the launch of radar guided missiles at a distance of 60 km.

Cockpit has a comprehensive system information display, which consists of three monochrome multifunction display with a keyboard.

Armament Su-35 fighter to be placed on the 12 external sites, offers a wide range of weapons for action by air, land and sea targets:

•      guided missiles, air - air R-27ER, R-27ET and RVV-AE with semi-active, active and infrared GOS;

•      guided missiles, air - surface "with a television, telekomandnym, thermal imaging and laser-guided Kh-25, X-29 with a range of 20 ... 60 km, the X-59 with a range of 120 ... 200 km;

•      antiradar missiles X-Z1 with a range of 100 km and an X-58 with a range of 120 ... 160 km;

•      anti-ship cruise missiles and aeroballistic X-31A (distance 70 km), X-35 (distance 130 km), X-15 (distance 150 km), and others;

•      aerial bombs, rockets and cartridges;

•      built-in gun GS-301 30 mm caliber.

Demonstration of some new stunts, execution of which is secured by the presence of thrust vector control, according to foreign specialists made ​​it possible to allocate aircraft performance capabilities that improve management of short-range air combat:

•      reduction of minimum sustained speeds maneuvering flight to 70 km / h;

•      implementation of the pause for 3 ... 4 in the orbital motion of the aircraft.

Show this and other opportunities made specialists to talk about creating super-maneuverable fighter as a fait accompli.

The Su-37 - the world's first combat aircraft horizontal takeoff and landing system equipped with thrust vector control (SWT). Ofsted vershenstvovannye AL-31FP engines with UHT developed JSC Lyul'ko - Saturn, under the leadership of chief designer VM Chepkina. Ose symmetrical rotary engine inlet is rejected in the plane pitch ± 15 °. The creation of this turbofan implemented a number of scientific and technical resources solutions obtained during the development of the engine 5-th generation AL-41F, including:

•     application of new single-crystal turbine blades;

•     Use nozzle engines, capable of separately deviate in a vertical plane, which provides control of the plane as the pitch, so on a roll and yaw.

Digital remote control system with quadruple reserve virovaniem in the longitudinal channel and a triple in the channels of the lateral motion provides automated management of all control surfaces, as well as the deviation of the thrust vector of each engine by moving the pilot side stick control of the aircraft (RUS). In any maneuvers flight safety is achieved by automatically limiting overloadsdepending on current weight and flight conditions, the automatic derivation of "spin". Arm motor control provides proportional rationality of traction force applied to her pilot.

The distinctive features of the fighting of the Su-37 include:

•     use superagility and new types of aerobatics in close air combat;

•     multi-channel on-board information and sighting systems;

•     an attack ground targets;

•     low-altitude flight to bypass obstacles and terrain flyby;

•     resistance to radio-electronic and opto-electronic means;

•     automation of all phases of flight and combat use;

•     conducting combat aircraft AWACS and electronic warfare as well as air KP.

On this plane are realized the latest achievements of domestic pa dioelektroniki and Instrumentation:

•      use digital wire control system (CDS) flight in the three pilot channels, developed MRPC "Avion ka "(Chief Designer V. Petrov);

•      airplane equipped with a new multifunction radar N-011M Development Research Instrumentation (chief designer of the TS Bekirbaev) with a phased array radar skompleksirovannoy with the rear-view;

•      use a combination of a navigation system that uses laser gyroscopes and satellite navigation system receivers, time RDC processing Ramenskoye (chief designer GI Janjgava);

•      implemented a new indicator-control field with the use of cockpit Niemi color multifunction display indicators and widely coal collimator Aviation KAI indicator on the front glass;

•      control a fighter by the side handle (the world's first on the destroyer) resistance strain gauges, throttle developed in MRPC "Avionics".

The Special avionics very summer Su-37 is an upgraded digital system control leniya weapons (BBG), which provides a high level of combat effectiveness of the action on all current and future air and ground targets (including low-flying strategic cruise missiles).

Onboard VCS includes two main information channel (radar and thermal), implemented by the subsystems:

•      Radar Control System RCS in the radar sighting system RLPK, two onboard computer and the remote control, radar control systems are based radars front and rear view;

•     electro-optical sighting and navigation system OEPrNK, in which includes the information display system SDI optical locations onnaya OLS station, flight and navigation complex of PNA, armament control system MSA helmet-mounted target designation system NSC, onboard digital computer complex OEPrNK remote control, multi PUMF .

Digital multi-mode radar provides long-range one time support of up to 20 air targets and the simultaneous launch of pa kw air-to-air missiles with active GOS on eight goals. The radar detects a front view aerial targets with RCS ZM ² at a distance of 140 ... 160 km away from the front and 30 ... 50 km from the rear hemisphere targets. The possibility of the radar survey in the rear hemisphere with a warning about the threat to the LPP is implemented on a fighter Su-37 first in the world, making it virtually invulnerable to weapons of destruction, attacking from the LPP.detection range of ground targets with RCS equal to 3000 m ² , is 130 ... 170 km. Coverage radar in the forward hemisphere is ± 90 ° azimuth and ± 55 ° in elevation. The radar provides an overview of the rear-view in azimuth and elevation to within ± 60 °.

When working on a surface radar has several modes of review car tografirovanie, search and tracking moving ground targets, bypassing obstacles in low altitude flight.

Optical-location station has an area of ​​± 60 ° azimuth and 60 ...- 15 ° in elevation.

The flight-navigation complex of PNA-10M-711 (developed by MRPC "Avionics") provides the navigation function, manual and automatic piloting from takeoff to landing day and night at any geooptical latitudes.

Note the main functions performed by the flight-navigation complex:

•     Automatic detection notation coordinate location and refinement of various remedial means;

•     programming routes and automatic flight on it;

•     prompt start of the flight path on the ground with the instrument input infor mation;

•    solution of the problem and giving an indication on the disposable time and consider the alleged flight range of information on fuel consumption, as well as time and distance to the regular MRP;

•    automatic flight modes, routes, return approach to SADC; automation systems for military flight regimes from external process control and on-board weapons control system;

•    calculation of maximum permissible parameters of piloting the aircraft and the formation of signal limitations to prevent release to the dangerous flight regime, using information about the stock fuel va, external configuration, etc.

Performance of the Su-37

Engines ................................................. .............. 2hAL-31FP (FU)

Poster thrust, kg ................................ 14000

Takeoff weight, kg:

Maximum ................................................. ........ 34000

normal ................................................. ............ 25670

Maximum speed km / h:

at the ground ................................................ .................... 1400

at an altitude ................................................ ................ 2500

The maximum number of flight Mach ............................ 2.35

Practical ceiling, km .................................... 18

Maximum Overload ...................................... 9

Combat load, kg:

normal ................................................. ............. 1400

Maximum ................................................. ......... 8200

Possibility of a new board complex defense Crap Su-37 significantly enhanced compared with the Su-27. It is used: the standard function electronic intelligence; automatic dumping chaff and infrared traps, receiver warning system radar illumination of the enemy; station infrared intelligence, the system of mutual group protection, etc.

The Su-37 is equipped with weapons air-to-air and air-to- surface missile that is hosted on 12 hardpoints. The nomenclature of armament of the Su-37 repeats of the Su-35 weapons shownabove.

Journal article "Aerospace", mid 90's.

Multipurpose fighter Su-35

Vladimir Ilyin

In the history of aviation, there are not many examples, when a radical modernization of the old fighter managed to create a good fighting machine of new generation. One may recall the aircraft North American "Mustang", which, after replacing the engine has evolved from a fairly good fighter-bomber into a magnificent fighter air battle. Through the application of retractable landing gear found "second youth" polikarpovsky-15, becoming the "Chaika" I-153. Setting on the MiG-15 new wing Mikoyan created faster and more high-rise MiG-17, and the Chinese failed to convert a fighter-interceptor MiG-19 attack aircraft Q -5, fundamentally redrew the fuselage of MiG. However, it is still an exception rather than the rule: usually the "generational change" in fighter aircraft accompanied by the appearance of fundamentally new aircraft on which the previous generation of machines are stored, at best, only a few units and components. One of the few design teams, which traditionally is possible to "pour new wine into old bottles" - OKB.Sukhoi. Suffice it to recall the story of Su-7, established in 1955, consistently changing from C-1 to the Su-17M4, this machine is commercially built before 1990 and a member of the Russian Air Force to this day. However, it is likely that the record of "active longevity will be closed to other aircraft of this team - Sukhoi Su-27. Made its first flight in 1977, the Su-27 served as the basis for a two-seat interceptor Su-30 shipborne fighter Su-33 Sukhoi Su-34, as well as multipurpose fighter Su-35, which is the second half of 1990 should form the basis of Russian fighter aircraft.

A preliminary study of the possible directions of modernization of Su-27 began in 1977, when an experienced T-10 - a prototype of the Su-27 - just getting ready for the first time up in the air.Any good fighter usually has repeatedly upgraded. This is a well-trodden path of evolution of aviation technology. As a rule, work on upgrading includes the installation of new equipment and weapons, which usually leads to an increase in weight of the aircraft. In order to keep the original flight characteristics of the machine, it is necessary to use more powerful engines. However, if the rate, the ceiling, climb and acceleration performance are usually able to hold at the initial level, and often even better, the maneuverability of the aircraft, are dependent on the specific load on the wing, will inevitably decline. A textbook example - Messerschmitt Bf -109, began his "career" easy maneuverable fighter aircraft and gradually turned into a heavy high-speed "car", losing their main opponents in the battle for cornering. The same way the past such aircraft as the MiG-21 and F -16. In the course of modernization, they were more sophisticated radio-electronic systems and weaponry, engines with increased thrust, but lost the "agility", peculiar to them in the "youth".Preserve or improve maneuverability can apply the new wing of larger area that requires significant changes to the design of the airframe. Under these conditions, a natural question arises: Is not it easier to build a new plane?

In the Yakovlev Design Bureau. Sukhoi, which studied ways to upgrade the Su-27 , realized that in the foreseeable future, demands for the maneuverability characteristics of the fighter more increase. The term "maneuverability" in the early 1980's has been more frequently flashed on the pages of foreign aviation magazines in the U.S. and Western Europe have been designed and built experimental planes (X-29 X-31, EAR), aimed to study the behavior of the fighter at high angles attack. Along with the improved maneuvering characteristics required to equip the prospective aircraft more versatile weapon that allows to fight not only with air, but with ground targets, add new radar and other equipment, which inevitably led to a heavier aircraft. Resolution of these at first glance seemed insoluble contradictions became possible thanks to the results of basic research conducted at TsAGI. Previously, there was formed a fundamentally new aerodynamic design fighter based on a single profiled bearing surface (integrated circuit), which formed the basis of appearance of the Su-27 and MiG-29. Further work of scientists from the Zhukovsky led to recommendations to increase inflows maneuverable fighter wing. The results of analytical studies and purging in wind tunnels have been confirmed by flight tests of the upgraded aircraft.According to the General Designer of OKB them. Sukhoi, a new form of influx of "possible to further improve the quality of the flow stream of aircraft at high angles of attack, increase the effectiveness of the pitch and reduce the aerodynamic forces acting on the fuselage and wing in the root section, which provided significant modernized aircraft maneuverability advantage over Su-27.

Another direction of modernization was the installation of canards (PGO), which was created as to the deck of the Su-27K. PGO was intended for the formation of powerful vortex bundles that control the boundary layer, "swellable" on the wing when the aircraft at high angles of attack. It should be noted that the vortex generators, on the recommendation of TsAGI, were applied at approximately the same time (early 1980) and the modernization of MiG-23: the last and most maneuverable modification of the aircraft - the MiG-23MLD - was equipped with small notches ("fangs") at the wing root.

In the spring of 1982 he was perfected version of the GTO to be installed on Su-27, and in May 1985 an experimental machine T-10-24 CHR, piloted by test pilot VG Pugachev, first rose into the air. Her tests conducted lead engineer G. Kuznetsov. T-10-24 became the "forerunner" of Su-27M (Air Force) and Su-27K (for Navy).

As a result of a joint "work" PGO and improved sag around the Su-27M to create controlled vortex system, greatly improve the performance of aircraft in the pitch channel and acts like a powerful mechanized wing leading edge. The interaction of wing sag, PGO and flaperons effect was achieved, almost the same application on an airplane adaptive wing.

The third principal innovation aimed at improving the maneuvering characteristics fighter, was the use of the upgraded Su-27 more powerful engines with thrust vector control. It is possible to realize high agility at extremely low, almost zero speed, when the aerodynamic controls become ineffective.

In addition, the modernization of the Su-27 was on the way avionics upgrade aircraft. In particular, the NGO Fazotron "was created by a powerful new radiopritsel with increased antenna aperture, which resulted in and increase the diameter of the forward fuselage. The new avionics allowed to equip aircraft with precision weapons designed to destroy ground targets (conventional Su-27 could "work" on the ground only Freefall bombs and rockets). However, full implementation of the versatile capabilities of the new avionics and weapons could only be achieved by the introduction of digital technology with elements of artificial intelligence, which took a part of the pilot itself, leaving the man only on the decision. Just remember that even with the usual double fighter, "nonintellectual" overboard and could not be fully deployable aircraft. For example, many of the systems on board aircraft McDonnell Douglas F -4 "Phantom» II during combat missions and remained "unclaimed" as part of the crews of these vehicles has specialized in the conduct of air combat and it was unnecessary "shock" equipment, " Phantoms "- bombers chose to evade enemy fighters. Powerful radar and medium-range missiles were to them an extra burden. Bring the same "breed" pilots - generalists, capable of in the cockpits, "Phantoms" equally well handle all on-board systems, striking in one combat sortie air and ground enemy, the Americans have failed.

Work on the creation of the Su-27M led the chief designer of NF Nikitin in the general conduct of the general designer Mikhail Simonov. June 28, 1988 flew the first of five fighters, converted from the Su-27 as part of the Su-27M. PGO cars were modified, wing nodules and enlarged "beak" radiotransparent nose fairing. One of these planes was demonstrated in February 1992 at an air base in Machulishchy (near Minsk), where the demonstration was conducted combat aircraft for heads of CIS countries. That fall, the fighter is already under the designation Su-35 was exposed at the air show "Farnborough - 92 in Britain, where, oddly enough, has not made ​​much impression on the aviation press (however, while the West is already a trend of silence achievements of Russian aircraft: losing state funding aircraft construction, U.S. firms have vigorously "work with his elbows, pushing competitors in the global aviation market, and the appearance of the Su-35 was clearly inappropriately named).

Meanwhile, at a factory in Komsomolsk-on-Amur, has started construction of a pilot series of aircraft designed to carry out an extensive flight test program. Su-35 was recognized as one of the highest priorities the Russian Air Force fighters. Work on this car continued, despite serious financial constraints that crippled many other promising programs. Obviously, the customer was impressed by the high degree of universality of the Su-35: in one sortie he was hit with the same efficiency as an air and ground or sea targets, successfully conduct electronic warfare, and also independently detect different enemy ground targets. Given the sharp reduction in fleet combat aircraft, Russian Air Force (suffice it to say that by 1995 Russian Frontal Aviation numbered only 600 Su-27 fighters and MiG-29, whereas in 1990, the Soviet Air Force had more than 2500 cars of this class) is should allow, despite the decrease in the number of aircraft are in service, to maintain the combat potential of Russian tactical aircraft at a high enough level.

By the end of 1994 in the test program was attended by more than a dozen "thirty-fifth, differing from other aircraft Su-27 unusual camouflage scheme, the figure is formed by broken lines (it's like painting the Swedish" Viggenov "and" Gripen "). Experienced Su-35 were shown in 1993-1994. on air shows in the UAE and Farnborough, where, in particular, with great success showed a unique piloting a program with a fully suspended missile weapons.

In accordance with existing plans to begin full production of Su-35 is scheduled for 1995, and in 1996, permitting the defense budget, new aircraft are expected to reach at the front of the Russian Air Force, where they complement the MiG-29 and Su-27 .

According to the General Designer of OKB MP Simon, Su-35 should be attributed to the fifth generation fighter jet. Thus, the aircraft is put on a par with prospective American fighter Lockheed F -22A first flight is planned for 1997, and entering at the front of the U.S. Air Force - in the next decade. Although the Su-35 is the only upgrade you created earlier Su-27 , such an evaluation of this machine is well founded.

As noted above, the Su-35 is made on a "modern triplane" (a combination of a normal scheme and PGO). PGO is included in the total-wire control system aircraft and can vary in the range of angles of -50 ... +10 °. In addition to improving stability and controllability at high angles of attack (in particular, the Su-35 is almost completely failed to eliminate shaking, greatly complicates the piloting and aiming at the fighters of other types of similar modes), PGE serves a number of other important functions. So, it shifts the focus forward aerodynamic plane, which leads to a significant decrease in static stability. When flying at low altitude in the turbulent atmosphere PGO is active passive damping of longitudinal vibrations and jolts that increases flight safety and reduces the load on the airframe and increases comfort, and, consequently, combat readiness pilot in turbulence (similar to the equipment is installed only on the U.S. strategic bomber Rockwell B-1B and the younger brother of Su-35 - Sukhoi Su-34). Improvements applied to the Su-35 made it possible to reduce the aerodynamic loads on the fuselage and the wing root, which in turn ensured the achievement of steady-overload 10 without amplification airframe (it should be noted that the maximum steady-state overload has been reached on the fighters of other types, does not exceed the current 9).

Slightly increased the height and chord vertical tail of a fighter. Caissons fins made of carbon fiber are also used as fuel tanks. On the aircraft experienced a series of engines are installed AL-31FM (2 x 14,000 kg) - further development of AL-31. On serial fighters to be applied more advanced turbofan AL-35ml with thrust vector control system that improves maneuverability and landing of the aircraft, as well as due to the effect supertsirkulyatsii contributes to the lift created by the fuselage. Motor control is carried out through by-wire digital system.

In contrast to the Su-27 Su-35 is equipped with digital rather than analog-wire system (FBWCS) plane. It is made using a four-channel scheme of reservation in the longitudinal channel and three-channel scheme - in the canals of lateral motion. The degree of its longitudinal instability fighter is 20% of the MAR (compared to 5% of the Su-27), in conjunction with PGO and automated systems to improve stability and control in the yaw channel, it allows you to keep control at very high angles of attack.

Airframe of the new fighter as a whole is similar to the airframe of the Su-27 , but its design makes use of the aluminum-lithium alloys, greatly expanded use of composite materials.Strengthened landing gear (which is due to the increased takeoff weight of aircraft), under the wing added two nodes external load, which increased the weight of the weapons from 6000 to 8000 kg.

Avionics of the Su-35 includes systems that use elements of artificial intelligence, and provides proactive engage aerial targets at ranges that ensure the possibility of retaliation of the enemy.There are automatic target designation for action both by air and ground targets. Automated flight control in all modes (including a flight mode with the rounding of the terrain).

Fighters first releases include weapon control system with a coherent pulse-Doppler radar noise immune NO11 (an enlarged version of radar NO10 "Beetle" MiG-29M), which has a flat antenna array with electronic scanning in elevation and mechanical - in azimuth. Radar field of view is ± 90 ° in all directions. Detection range of a typical target-class "fighter" reaches 165-245 km (depending on height); bomber, AWACS aircraft or a large military transport aircraft can be detected at a distance of 400 km, detection радиолокационноконтрастных ground targets can be carried out at a distance of 200 km . The station is able to simultaneously track 24 air targets and ensure the firing of rockets six enemy aircraft.

In 1992, the NGO Fazotron "began to develop forward-looking radar with a phased array, designed to accommodate the new modifications of Su-35 and operating in the X-band.Currently, the land stands have already tested some of the key elements of the new station. Field of view phased array antenna is ± 60 °, which is somewhat less than stations with mechanical scanning in azimuth. However, the new radar is supposed to combine electronic and mechanical scanning, which will increase its review of the sector antenna with 60 ° in all directions (both in azimuth and elevation).

To review and targeting in the rear hemisphere of the Su-35 (for the first time in fighter aircraft) used radar rearview well established NGO Fazotron. The station operates in conjunction with the defensive system of electronic intelligence.

Advanced opto-electronic sighting system Su-35 includes a color television channel, finders and laser rangefinder-designator. Provides for detection, identification and automatic tracking of multiple aerial targets simultaneously at long range. Optical-radar system combined with radar and an advanced helmet-mounted sight pilot in a single complex.

The aircraft equipment automatically protected data exchange system on order to better coordinate the actions of several fighter, leading a group air combat. There is a system of satellite communications and satellite navigation equipment.

Integrated system includes a beam optical sensors alert the attacking enemy missiles, means electronic intelligence, active suppression system operating in the optical and radar ranges, and also means setting the passive radar and IR interference.

Cockpit Su-35 is much improved compared to the cabins of other local fighters. It apart and from the perspective of foreign aircraft cabins.

For the first time in domestic and world practice serial destroyer will be equipped with not only strain-gauge side-stick control of the aircraft (as on aircraft Lockheed F -16, Dassault Rafale and the Lockheed F -22A), but a similar thrust lever (throttle). This will improve the accuracy and ease of piloting a fighter pilot to control at high overloads (for advanced Su-35 used conventional center stick and throttle of the traditional type). To combat large-established congestion without worsening of the pilot, and even more so without the time loss (the appearance of a black veil ") on the Su-35 ejection seat installed improved K-36 increased to 30 ° back angle (similar slope has only back seat American fighter aircraft F -16 and F -22A, the other promising fighters, this value does not exceed 18 °). Su-35 pilot wearing a new, more efficient-suit PEP-15, created, as well as the ejection seat K-36, NPO Zvezda led by GI Severin.

Cab display first pilot Su-35 looks pretty usual for the modernized aircraft of the fourth generation: the instrument panel there are two multi-screen monochrome CRTs, one screen of the same type located on the right of the dashboard, another screen is a smaller format imposed on the left dashboard. However, serial fighters should get a brand new avionics: the dashboard will be available four liquid-crystal color multifunction display, are compatible, unlike the CRT, direct solar illumination of high intensity. It should be noted that the illumination is a very serious problem for a fighter with a color screen display. The lights on the color CRT set currently fighter - bomber F -15E and the Mirage 2000-5, evroistrebitele E F 2000, as well as parts of aircraft F -16C and F / A-18C, optimized for operations at night and in daytime conditions of foreign color CRT poorly withstand the sun's rays, which is somewhat restricts the combat use of these machines. Cockpit display, similar to that used on the Su-35 have only prototypes Dassault Rafale and the American F -22A.

Using a digital control system opens the possibility of applying to the export version of Su-35 series of Western systems are compatible with the national digital technology. For example, at "Farnborough-92 Su-35 was demonstrated with a suspended beneath the fuselage container sighting and navigation system optoelectronic G EU Ferranti TIALD , designed for installation on a bomber Panaview Tornado and multi-purpose fighter E F 2000.

Like other new aircraft design bureau im.P. Sukhoi, Su-35 is equipped with a retractable rod toplivopriemnika system in-flight refueling.

Built-fighter weaponry includes traditional for the family of Su gun GS-301 (30 mm). At 12 knots external suspension may place different Missiles class "air - air, including the promising ultra-range missiles that are created in the SDB Vympel and NGOs" Innovator ", capable of striking targets at a distance of 400 km (a similar system in the West available, and making them there in the near future is not expected). "The main caliber Su-35 - new SD medium range RVV-AE (R-77), capable of destroying enemy aircraft at a distance of 70 km. SKB Vympel is also developing a version of SD RVV-AE extended range, designated RVV-AE-PL. Rocket with a launch mass of 225 kg and the new engine should hit targets at a distance of 110 km, which is 40% greater range of SD RVV-AE with a launch mass of 175 kg and almost 50% higher than the range of most modern American missiles of this class A I M 120 AMRAAM .

For close air combat fighter Su-35 should carry the new missiles of small and intermediate-range missiles, capable to run in front and in back hemisphere (opposite lift). To this end, the Su-35 to be equipped with rotary wing AAP able to turn in a horizontal plane at an angle of 180 °. AAP rotation can be done both automatically and by the command pilot. SKB Vympel, a developer of SD Class "air - air and missile launchers, have already begun to experienced launches new missiles air - air, designed to replace BE with the TGS R-73. According to chief designer of SKB G. Sokolowski, the new SD will go into service in 1997 (already carried out successful "reverse" launches SD P-73 with Su-27 equipped with underwing pylons pivoted).

Another feature of the weapon system of the Su-35 is its ability to produce rockets for carrying out such "exotic" maneuvers as "bell", "Cobra" and "Hook." Instead of spinning in the air carousel "on the horizontals and verticals, gradually picking up the tail of the enemy to" impose "on him the label of sight, the pilot of Su-35 is sufficient to perform the maneuver" cobra "or" hook "," reared "in the car Within a short time at 90-120 °, with the radar and opto-electronic system will automatically take over the target and weapon control system will give the command to launch salvo of two missiles.

Weapons grade "air - surface", part of the Su-35, may include a tactical cruise missile with a range of start-up to 150 km, suggestive of the teams on board the destroyer, or acting in a mode of self-guidance, SD-type short-range X-29 with a laser or TV-guided anti-radar missiles Kh-31P, anti-ship missiles Kh-31A and X-35, as well as other existing or future missile systems. The aircraft can carry responsive bombs of different types of NAR and normal svobodnopadayuschie bombs, one-time cluster bombs and tanks with Molotov cocktails.

Capabilities of Su-35 passing in the conduct of air combat can be illustrated by an exponential bout, held during the International Exhibition in Dubai in the autumn of 1993, between the Su-35 and Su-30. Su-35, a tail that was trying to go to the Su-30 performed a "cobra" and forced the enemy to rush forward. Pilot Su-30 began to perform in front of and below the Su-35 right turn, struck up a carousel on turns: each plane tried to take a position that can fire a cannon on the "enemy." At this point Vladimir Pugachev, piloted by the Su-35, dramatically increasing the angle of attack maneuver "hook" (before the roll maneuver his aircraft reached 75 °), rapidly implemented aiming at an angle of about 90 ° pitching for the Su-30, located at opposite side of the "carousel", and "knocked" him (before the execution of the "hook" speed fighter is 460 km / h, after the maneuver, it dropped to 250 km / h).

The figure of "Cobra" (dynamic braking in a vertical plane with a yield at angles of attack up to 110-120 °) mastered the Russian Su-27 fighters, Su-30 Su-33 Su-35 Su-34 and MiG-29M, but only Su-35 can carry it from any of the provisions. This figure is expected to apply in battle not only for quick directions on the target aircraft, but also to disrupt the maintenance of its fighter-pulse Doppler radar of the enemy. This kind of dynamic direction in "Stealth", which allows aircraft to be invisible not because of any technical tricks, and by performing special maneuvers.Abroad only two experimental aircraft - US-German X-31 and U.S. F -16 VISTA -perform "Pugachev's Cobra", coming out at angles of attack, not exceeding 90 °.

Comparison of the Su-35 with existing foreign fighters objective evidence in favor of Russian aircraft. It surpasses all being on weapons or advanced machines for maneuvering characteristics at subsonic speeds (not an exception and the U.S. fifth generation fighter aircraft Lockheed F -22A, the creators of which refused to reach superagility still at an early stage of design). On the flight range of the Su-35 can compete only F -22A is also capable of without external fuel tanks (drop tanks) to fly about 4000 km. On high-speed performance at all altitudes, the Russian car is also superior to all foreign counterparts, except for aircraft McDonnell Douglas F -15, capable, like the Su-35, reach a maximum speed of up to 2500 km / h.

In recent years, leading aviation KB, specializing in the creation of combat aircraft, are increasingly focused on reducing visibility. Is no exception and the Yakovlev Design Bureau.Sukhoi. During the work of numerous international exhibitions of its representatives in their interviews have repeatedly pointed to the possibility of further reduction of the EPR aircraft Su-27. According to one of the leaders of rival firm, Deputy General Designer of OKB. Mikoyan A. Belosveta, a package of measures to reduce the visibility, developed in relation to the new MiG-29M will help to reduce the ESR of the machine by 10-12 times. Obviously, the implementation of such decisions in the design of the Su-35 configuration that is close IIAP, the minimum ESR in the course plane can also be brought to a value near 0.5 m ² . This is somewhat higher than that of the aircraft F -22A, the design that best suits the criteria of technology "Stealth" (according to foreign press reports, the minimum ESR of the fighter is approaching 0.1 meters), but significantly less than that of other Western aircraft 1990 years - the Rafale, E, F 2000 and F / A-18E (1-2 m² ).

An important advantage of the Su-35 is heavy duty and versatile weaponry, superior "arsenals" aircraft such as E F 2000 and F -15E, not to mention the highly specialized F -22A, capable of carrying just eight missiles air - air and small medium-range  AIM -9 "Sidewinder" and AIM -120AMRAAM and (instead of SD AIM -120) two guided bombs JDAM -1000 caliber 450 kg.

The U.S. has repeatedly discussed the possibility of creating a modernized version of the main rival of the Su-27 - fighter F -15. In the late 1980's firm McDonnell Douglas proposed project aircraft F -15HH, equipped with a larger wing span. However, the Air Force, concerned about the funding of the program ATF ( YF -22 and YF -23), tried to get rid of these proposals. In 1994, the company has proposed a new draft multipurpose fighter F -15 U . Compared with the original aircraft F -15E a new version of the "Igla" must have 50% more range (like the Su-35, about 1600 km). Wing Area F -15 U by extending its root chord significantly increased, which should allow the aircraft to maintain maneuvering characteristics at the level of F -15C with the increased mass. F -15 U is focused on exports, but it is expected that the new project may be of interest and the U.S. Air Force facing the challenge of further funding cuts and are looking for relatively cheap options to improve the combat capabilities of fighter aircraft. But in any case work on the F -15 U can not be completed until early 2000-ies, when the Su-35 (want to believe it!) already take a firm place in the ranks of our Air Force.

Obviously, before the advent of the Air Forces of the United States in the first half of next decade fighter F -22A of the Su-35 will be the absolute world leader among the fighters, and up to 2015-2020. retain its place in the group leaders. If our government and parliamentarians, there is sufficient intelligence and commitment to, ensuring the normal funding, to bring the program to finish and equip the second half of 1990 Russian aircraft Su-35, the country's security, even in the face of the inevitable in the current situation, downsizing Air Force to increase significantly. And the creation of an export version of Su-35 fighter jet exit, which has no analogues on the world market for aircraft armament will continue to largely recoup the costs of the program and maintain the prestige of Russia as a country where traditionally created the world's best fighters.

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Source: http://missiles.ru/index.htm and "Vzljet."

Data on  Su-35/37

and its closest analogues (in Russian)