Today, unmanned topics addressed by " Sukhoi ". His proposed system of unmanned aerial perspective civilian ALS-62 for a number of important characteristics must be greater than the best foreign analog - "Global Hawk." 
BAS-62 addresses an extremely wide range of tasks. He is able to detect air, surface and ground objects of different classes (with the transfer of information in real time). Onboard equipment allows for aerial photography (mapping), inspection of compliance with treaty regimes in the framework of the "Open Skies", the monitoring of hydro-meteoobstanovki, monitor actively radiating objects, control of power lines. 
When the complex environmental monitoring and radiation can lead gas and chemical control, to determine the state oil and gas pipelines, as well as conduct a "survey" of seismic sensors. ALS-62 is regarded as an effective means of agricultural work and exploration. With the help of onboard sensors, he is able to determine soil characteristics, to explore for minerals, and subsurface (to a depth of 30 m) sensing of the earth. 
The use of unmanned aircraft system UAS-62 will quickly and cost effectively to ensure further development of communication systems (including and mobile), broadcasting, and navigation systems. Latest trend is of particular importance. Currently in use worldwide, only two satellite navigation system Global Positioning: The American and Russian GLONASS, NAVSTAR. In each system must be invoked from the orbital grouping several dozen satellites. The life of each satellite is limited to a few years, that requires regular "feeding" groups with new spacecraft.Satellites, standing together with their systems in orbit tens of millions of dollars, are single use items and after completion of their work become "space junk" or burn in the atmosphere. They are not subject to repair. 
Use of navigational satellites instead of unmanned aircraft with high altitude and flight duration will create a navigation system that can compete in the efficiency of GPS, at significantly lower costs of deployment and operation. It should be noted that these navigational and unmanned aerial vehicles should have a fairly high export potential (especially in countries undergoing an independent foreign policy). Americans have always disliked them could deprive users of access to its system, which devalue the significant part of modern weapons systems (combat aircraft, ground weapons systems, vehicles, precision-guided munitions, etc.) using receivers GPS. At the same time relatively inexpensive national (regional) navigation system, built using UAVs and under full control of the users who do not will depend on the political situation. 
Such a system can complement the good and the Russian GLONASS system, creating a backup navigational information field. It's no secret that Russia today is facing serious difficulties in bringing groups of GLONASS satellites to the estimated population (for this purpose, the country simply is not enough money). Creating a navigation system based on the UAV would greatly alleviate this problem. 
Another promising area of application of ALS-62 - Control of maritime navigation and air traffic control in inaccessible areas, natural disasters, accidents, temporary air routes.

AT military career

Of course, systems such as BAS-62 may find application in power structures. Equipped with radar equipment will allow the UAV, with the air of about 25 vehicles, to create on the territory of Russia a continuous (including low-altitude) radar field. The use of relatively tiny "drones" that can continually be in the air a day or more, will be much more profitable in economic terms than the vast fleet maintenance manned AWACS aircraft with multiple crews at limited altitude and flight duration. It is worth recalling that, for example, Saudi Arabia has acquired five aircraft type E-3 "Sentry" at the price of $ 250 million apiece. Another $ 1.8 billion spent on spare parts and training. Thus, the park, "AWACS" cost in Riyadh more than $ 3 billion for the technical capabilities of E-3 can simultaneously keep in the air no more than two aircraft, which provides control for only a limited part of the national airspace. 
As a means of control over the state border of the ALS-62, equipped with high resolution equipment can be kept under surveillance abroad of up to thousands of kilometers, as well as the neighboring territory. It is possible to track not only the smuggling of caravans and vehicles, but also the movement of individuals. Particularly relevant is the air border controls for the countries of the Middle East, where the boundary of our understanding is simply not available (there are no columns with coats of arms, no barbed wire or control strips.) 
UAV with long duration and altitude are the perfect complement, and in some cases - and the replacement of satellites. In fact, spent a lot of money, to reaching the first cosmic speed booster mass in the tens (or hundreds) tons to orbit hundreds of kilometers in altitude satellites, intended to "consider" out-sized object with a pack of cigarettes . In this case the satellite is on a particular object of observation within a very limited time, and the enemy, for which we are going to look, knowing full schedules of satellites, will be commensurate with their actions, trying to escape from the space surveillance. In order to provide continuous control of the theater of combat operations in Yugoslavia, a relatively small, the U.S. was forced to use in 1999, 35 reconnaissance satellites. 
Unlike satellites, high altitude UAV (malouyazvimym remaining from funds of enemy air defenses at the expense of vast altitude and low radar visibility ) can always "hang" over a given area, to be replaced the next day his "partner", leaving the enemy no chance to slip unnoticed. In this observation would not be carried out from space and from the stratospheric heights that will enhance the quality and use a lighter and cheaper equipment. Needless to say, that the application in the area of conflict limited the effectiveness of groups of several heavy drones would cost considerably less than the activation of satellite constellation. 
Advanced UAV high altitude and flight duration may be used in the tactical missile defense. On unmanned aircraft can be placed as sensors that can detect and track tactical and operational-tactical ballistic missiles and weapons designed to destroy missiles in the boost phase, when they are most vulnerable. 
There are other options for use of unmanned aircraft systems with large height and duration. In particular, such devices could be highly efficient to control vehicular traffic on highways, making it much easier job of traffic police, as well as informing about the existence of "congestion." 
BAS-62 is a system of systems designed to address a wide range of various tasks. Structurally, it consists of the Control Center (landline or mobile), which provides up to 12 unmanned aircraft systems BAK-62. The structure of each BAC-62 consists of a mobile control point information exchange system MPKUSOI-62, a mobile point of maintenance MPTO-62, and three unmanned aircraft C-62. This structure provides an opportunity for each BAC-62 is continuously kept in the air one or two unmanned aircraft.

NO NEED TO AERODROME

No less than the original know-how contained in the draft C-62 UAV. This machine can be vosmitonnaya in the patrol for 24 hours (and in the future - or more) in height dvadtsatikilometrovoy. We also consider the possibility of in-flight refueling. 
As the power plant used in turbofan engines RD-1700 (creating a state unitary enterprise "Zavod im. Klimov," to equip the massive aircraft MiG-AT and Yak-130). Cruising speed C-62 - 400 km / h, maximum - 500 km / h. 
In contrast to the U.S. "Global Hawk" unmanned aircraft and other heavy, for the operation of which will certainly require airfields surfaced with concrete, C-62 can be attributed to aircraft bezaerodromnogo Based in: enough for its operation area the size of m. The Rise 600h60 made ​​using a catapult and landing - "carrier on" (when creating a UAV company Sukhoi widely used its technological advance for the automatic landing on the deck of aircraft carrier fighter ship-based).
Transportation the whole complex is carried out in standard 40-foot containers for the transport by rail, air, road or sea transport. The system of highly mobile, capable of rapid deployment. 
A unique feature of the onboard system S-62 is an opportunity and PPI on an azimuth 360 degrees. Multispectral monitoring of air space, land and water surface is provided in real time in an area with a diameter of at least 1,000 km. 
Multispectral sensing system board includes a side-looking radar with synthetic aperture radar, electro-optical sensing range, as well as the optical range. 
When you create an ALS-62 serious attention is paid to ergonomics, increased comfort conditions. The ground control station provides space for recreation personnel, and for systems designed for delivery in the Islamic world - even special rooms for prayer. At the same time, the system creates a "killer" for the Russian foreign technology standards: working temperature range of + / -50 deg. 
should be especially noted that the cooperation of ALS-62 is already defined, and the key elements of the system - in place. As a result, work on the creation of ALS-62 can be completed as soon as possible - as early as 2005

MARKET PERSPECTIVE

According to experts, the market for unmanned aircraft systems from a great height and duration of the flight within the next 10 years could "digest" products worth 10 billion dollars when the share of Russia and the United States will be, respectively, 16% and 20%. Another 28% will come from highly developed countries of Western orientation, where Russia, with its UAV hardly be allowed. At the same time the permanent partners of our country by air and Technical Cooperation - India and China - will have 9% and 8%. Another 7% - in the Arab States of the Middle East (where the Americans for political reasons are unlikely to deliver anything like "Global Hawk"), another 7% - in Indonesia. 13% of maxi-UAVs can buy the Latin American countries (for which you can compete with the Americans, Israelis and Europeans). Thus, our country, creating a system of ALS-62 and going with her ​​to the world market over the next 10 years can expect a profit of several billion dollars. 
Unmanned aerial vehicles will undoubtedly become increasingly important as in the civilian and in military aviation. In the U.S., France, Sweden, Britain and other countries have already begun work on the creation of unmanned combat aircraft, capable of meeting the drums, but in the long term - and "destructive." A similar technique a number of analysts have called the sixth generation aircraft. In accordance with existing Air Force and U.S. Navy plans first production combat UAV UCAV type and UCAV-N must be received for service early next decade. Battle "drones" that can maneuver with great congestion (15-20 units), which denied the manned combat aircraft, "constrained" by the presence of a pilot on board, the lighter by removing the cabin crew and the livelihoods that do not have "ergonomic" restrictions on distance and flight duration, endowed with artificial intelligence and the ability to group activities, will be in the foreseeable future the most powerful military tool that can significantly affect the forms and methods of aerial warfare. 
If you look at the longer term, it is clear that the aggravation of the energy crisis ( According to experts, the global economy, "drink" oil reserves in 30 years), he must change shape and military aircraft. Burning each year nearly 2,000 tons of fuel during normal operation in peacetime only one type of fighter F-22 will be the middle of the XXI century. a pipe dream. As a result, the ranks will remain only the least "expensive" aircraft systems that do not need to maintain the level natrenirovannosti their crews of regular flights. That these requirements most fully meet the drones. An important development of combat (including unmanned) aircraft will be the development and cryogenic fuels. In this regard, Russia has serious technological advance. 
However, it must be admitted that in the field of unmanned aircraft are maintained in our country, mainly on its own initiative, without government funding. It is now clear that if we are to continue in future as a great aviation power that can control a large share of the global aviation market, the volume and pace of work on unmanned subjects (primarily - in the direction of a large UAV altitude and flight duration, and Martial UAVs) should be sharply increased. Should probably raise the question of development and adoption of a single state program to create drones, targeting both the military and in civilian customers as well as taking into account the interests of the traditional partners of Russia in military-technical cooperation.

Altaf Karimov, Vladimir Ilyin

/ " Independent Military Review "# 46 (268) December 14, 2001 /

Unmanned systems, "PROBE-1"

unmanned systems "Zond-1" is intended to address these economic tasks: 
• Ensuring tasks ATC 
• Relaying television channels and unmanned systems, "Probe 2" unmanned systems "Zond-2" is designed to address following the national economic objectives: • Monitoring the Earth's surface: - radar (radar side-looking synthetic aperture radar) to detect sites of emergencies (flooding, descent of glaciers, the search of fallen aircraft, etc.), as well as to record the earth's topographic data surface -optoelectronic, including low-level and teplotelevizionny television channels to identify the locations of fires, the nature of disasters, search and rescue operations. • Monitoring of the ozone layer unmanned systems "Zond-3" unmanned systems "Zond-3" is intended to address the following economic tasks: • Monitoring of air and earth (water) surface: - radar (radar side-looking synthetic aperture radar) to detect sites of emergencies, taking into account changes in the Earth's surface topographic data TUE for ice reconnaissance, evaluation of oil and pipelines; - opto-electronic, including low-level and teplotelevizionny television channels to identify the areas of emergency and monitoring their development, search and rescue operations. • Assessment of air pollution • Relaying channels                                           PROBE-1, Probe 2, Probe-3M

DESIGNATION Air Traffic Control (ATC) 
communications relay, multi-monitor

GEOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS 
Wingspan, m 35, 35, 16 
Length, m 13, 13, 9.5 
Height, m 5.5, 5, 3

PERFORMANCE 
Maximum takeoff weight, kg 12000, 12000, 2000 
Maximum payload weight, kg 1500, 1500, 500 
Maximum speed, km / h M = 0.5, M = 0.6, 250 
Height of loitering, m 14000-16000, 14000 -16 000, 200-8000 
Length loitering, h 18, 24, 12 
Ferry range, km 12000, 12000, 2500

 
ON-BOARD EQUIPMENT

Radar (SAR) with a phased antenna array (FAR) to provide air traffic control, equipment relay channels and television Optoelectronic station for observation in the optical and infrared ranges, radar side-looking (RLS BW) with synthetic aperture optical-electronic station to observe in optical and infrared ranges, radar side-looking (RLS BW) with synthetic aperture